11. The Dreams—Winter of Pagoda  76 x143 cm  Rice paper, ink, acrylic  76 x143 cm 2011.jpg
Why is it so interesting to see extraordinary art from places less explored? Because it is a mini trip into a parallel reality.

A reality where normal is not exactly what we’re used to. Where we get to see the world from a different perspective. And I’m not talking about aboriginal art here (which I find fascinating too). I’m talking about contemporary artists who are engaged with the broader world. Even in our fast-paced, albeit temporarily suspended, and global reality the cultural heritage into which we are born remains an integral part of what makes us “us”, no matter what other influences or academic training we take on later.

 

 
 
 
 
 

 

2. The Dreams: To Feed The Tiger  160×120cm   Oil and Acrylic on Canvas  2015          梦 --- 舍身饲虎   布面油画,丙烯.jpg

Image above: Gao Xiang, Feed the Hungry Tiger series

And the more intact the cultural heritage, the more varied the outlook, for history is part of the present.

Take for example the Yunnan Province on China’s southwest frontier. Firmly on the Old Silk Trade Route, it borders Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam and is near Tibet and India. Over the centuries, it has absorbed the influences of its neighbours and of the traders passing along the Silk Road. These factors contribute to the region’s Buddhist-infused-philosophical and predominantly lyrical contemporary art.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

36. who is the doll  , 180x180cm 画布丙烯 2013.jpg

Image above: Gao Xiang, Who is the Doll? series

Gao Xiang in his studio in Kunming, the capital of China’s Yunnan Province

Gao Xiang in his studio in Kunming, the capital of China’s Yunnan Province

One extraordinary multidisciplinary artist who hails from Kunming, the capital of Yunnan Province, is Gao Xiang.

As a teenager, despite being recognised as a talented artist, he sought to become a Buddhist monk - something that sounds eccentric to us but is a normal and highly respected life path there. He applied to the head monk of an ancient Buddhist Temple. Crushingly, the old monk told him to wait, saying that he had to fulfil a major task in the external world first. The monk did not tell him what that task was.
Temple in the Rain, Kunming, Western Mountains. (C) Katrine Levin

Temple in the Rain, Kunming, Western Mountains. (C) Katrine Levin

A Buddhist to this day, Gao Xiang is now a graduate of the prestigious China Central Academy of Fine Arts in Beijing (CAFA), a Professor at the Yunnan Art University, the Art Director at the Yuan Xiaocen Art Museum in Kunming, and a master of several artistic disciplines. In his wisdom, the old monk gave the world the gift of Gao Xiang’s art.

Gao Xiang’s work is meant to be read as well as seen. He is always asking us to question, to look deeper. There are many layers to his art. Let’s look at one.
 
Old Kunming, (c) Katrine Levin

Old Kunming, (c) Katrine Levin

 
Kunming downtown, (c) Katrine Levin

Kunming downtown, (c) Katrine Levin

 
At a time when hutongs are disappearing and tradition is being rapidly replaced by loosely regulated Western high rises and consumerism, Gao Xiang brings cultural heritage into contemporary visual language.

Take for example his deceptively simple “Horse Pagoda” series.

 

 
 
 
 
 

 

23.   Horse Pagoda - reduced   61x46cm  Oil and Acrylic on Canvas   2010                       马之塔    布面油画.jpg
 

Gao Xiang, Horse Pagoda, 2010, acrylic on canvas, 61 x 46cm

First of, why the horse, besides the fact that we all like them?

Horses have a deep cultural meaning in China, having been indispensable for travel, working the fields, leisure and warfare.
Figure of a female polo player, Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD)

Figure of a female polo player, Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD)

In 102BC, the Chinese Han Dynasty owed its expansion to a miraculous new breed of horses, after what came to be called the War of the Heavenly Horses.

In warfare, speed is everything. The Kingdom of Dayuan in the Ferghana Valley (in what is now Uzbekistan but was then part of the Persian Empire) had developed a breed of horses so fast, they were rumoured to fly faster than the birds - earning them the nickname Heavenly Horses. This was a huge military advantage which, naturally, Dayuan was not keen on sharing with Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty despite repeated diplomatic missions on his behalf. After two military campaigns and a staggering loss of life, General Li Guangli defeated Dayuan and captured the Heavenly Horses who were instrumental in the subsequent expansion of the Han Dynasty.
 
The Ferghana Horse breed today

The Ferghana Horse breed today

Ferghana (Heavenly) Horse, usually depicted as flying over the bird (below it) which is surprised to be overtaken in its flight, (c) Katrine Levin

Ferghana (Heavenly) Horse, usually depicted as flying over the bird (below it) which is surprised to be overtaken in its flight, (c) Katrine Levin

 

 
 
 
 
 

 

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Gao Xiang, Spring Pagoda, 2013, oil and acrylic on canvas, 260x110cm

 
Gao Xiang adds an additional layer of history through the shape of his horses. For him, the horse is a complex force that not only holds the mysteries of the universe and Chinese traditions but is a symbolic extension of his soul. He can capture the horse in full gallop or bridging the earth and the stars - but in his Horse Pagoda series, the stacked horses are in the form of Tang Dynasty terracota figurines.

During the Tang Dynasty (678 - 907 AD) art and literature blossomed. In China, the horse symbolises wealth and power and many of these figurines were made specifically to be placed in the great burial mounds of deceased dignitaries.
Tang Dynasty terracota horse

Tang Dynasty terracota horse

 

 
 
 
 
 

 

8. The Dreams—Spring of Pagoda Rice paper, ink, acrylic 2011.jpg
This brings us to a third cultural layer - the arrangement of the Tang Dynasty horses in the shape of a pagoda.

Derived from the stupa, the pagoda is an iconic Buddhist symbol that has become a traditional part of Chinese architecture and culture. Used to house relics and sacred texts, it also provided a fantastic vantage point to admire the landscape, inspiring many a poet. In Imperial China, hopefuls taking the notoriously difficult civil service degree examinations considered the pagoda a lucky symbol.
Kunming, Eastern Pagoda

Kunming, Eastern Pagoda

 

Gao Xiang, Spring Horse Pagoda, 2011, ink and acrylic on rice paper, 143 x 76cm

 

 
 
 
 
 

 

9. The Dreams—Summer of Pagoda Rice paper, ink, acrylic 76 x143 cm 2011 - reduced.jpg
The fourth cultural layer of Gao Xiang’s “Horse Pagoda” series comes from his use of colour.

Generally, Gao Xiang keeps to the traditional Chinese ink colour palette of red, white, and black, even in his works on canvas. But the richest and most diverse references come from the colour red, associated with the element of fire.

 

 

Gao Xiang, Summer Horse Pagoda, 2014, oil and acrylic on canvas, 120x60cm

Whenever we see “red” and “China” together, we think “communism”. Albeit associated with the propaganda campaign of Communist China, the colour red has far deeper historical connotations and spiritual significance.

It is connected to fire, sun, life and luck but above all it is an ancient symbol of power and respect. During the Han (206BC –220AD) and Ming (1368-1644) Dynasties, red represented south at a time when the rulers of these dynasties came from the south of China - red was a colour reserved solely for the royal family.

It is no wonder that in the 20th century the Chinese Red Army appropriated the colour. As Gao Xiang says, “Chinese love and respect red. We feel serious when we see it.
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

23. Horse Pagoda  - detail.jpg
Some of you may have noticed the occasional presence of a small man atop the horse pagoda. The man is symbolic of Gao Xiang, small in relation to the horses and all the mystery, power, and history that they stand for. His arm is raised to his forehead and he is looking towards the horizon, trying to discern an uncertain future.
Gao Xiang, Horse Pagoda: Spring and Summer, 2014, oil and acrylic on canvas, 260 x 110cm

Gao Xiang, Horse Pagoda: Spring and Summer, 2014, oil and acrylic on canvas, 260 x 110cm

Gao Xiang, Horse Pagoda: Autumn and Winter, 2014, oil and acrylic on canvas, 260 x 110cm

Gao Xiang, Horse Pagoda: Autumn and Winter, 2014, oil and acrylic on canvas, 260 x 110cm

 

Gao Xiang, Horse Pagoda, 2010, acrylic on canvas, 61 x 46cm

 
All this, from a seemingly simple pyramid of abstracted horses! But as with any extraordinary work of art, whatever the philosophy, in the end what comes through is the soul. From our visitor’s book ...
Very powerful horse pagodas. They speak to the heart and soul.
So beautiful. The horses look as if they have souls.
 
 
 
 
 

 

GX studio - reduced.jpg
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Gao Xiang in his studio, Kunming, China

Gao Xiang in his studio, Kunming, China

An interdisciplinary artist who has mastered a variety of techniques, Gao Xiang finds the harmony of contrasts, balancing between tradition and modernity, East and West, dreams and reality. His dream-like oil paintings, works on paper, and installations invite us always to question, to look deeper.

While referencing Chinese history and mythology, he gives special significance to the figure of a horse. For Gao Xiang, the horse is a complex force that not only holds the mysteries of the universe and Chinese traditions but is a symbolic extension of his soul.

The horse takes on a different meaning whether stacked as a pagoda of Tang Dynasty clay figures, pictured at full gallop, or bridging the earth and the stars. The power of the horse can be contained or unleashed, gentle or ferocious, like an internal dialogue with the soul.

Gao Xiang’s acrylic and glass installations continue the theme of his paintings while referencing the classic Chinese landscaping concept of "borrowed scenery". The transparency of the glass allows the work to influence the background and the background to influence the perception of the work.

Gao Xiang was born in 1971 in Kunming, the capital of China’s Yunnan Province. He holds a Masters and Ph.D. from the prestigious China Central Academy of Fine Arts (CAFA) in Beijing. He is a Professor at the Yunnan Arts University and the Art Director at the Yuan Xiaocen Art Museum in Kunming. Splitting his time between studios in Kunming and Beijing, Gao Xiang is equally inspired by the works of della Francesca and Morandi as of Chinese masters.

Gao Xiang's art is collected by museums across Asia and continental Europe. His works have been commissioned by the Grand Palais in Paris and for public spaces in China and France; and shortlisted for the Royal Academy Summer Exhibition.

 
 

An interview with Gao Xiang requested by BBC2 after he was shortlisted by the Royal Academy

 
 
 

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